How can a Node.js stream chain propagate errors and clean up correctly?

A collection of pipe calls can leave error handling and teardown fragmented across multiple streams. A failure in one stage may leave other stages open. Use the promise-based pipeline(source, transform, destination) and handle rejection at the operation boundary. Test a read failure, transform exception and destination failure separately. Preserve the original error while cleaning up temporary output. A pipeline involving an HTTP response can destroy the socket on failure, so do not assume you can always send a friendly JSON error afterward. Validate predictable input problems before starting the response body.